Integrand size = 24, antiderivative size = 188 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {f+g x}}{\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx=\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \sqrt {f+g x} \sqrt {-\frac {c \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{b^2-4 a c}} E\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {2}}\right )|-\frac {2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} g}{2 c f-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) g}\right )}{c \sqrt {\frac {c (f+g x)}{2 c f-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) g}} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \]
EllipticE(1/2*((b+2*c*x+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(1/2)*2^(1 /2),(-2*g*(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)/(2*c*f-g*(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))))^(1/2))*2^(1 /2)*(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)*(g*x+f)^(1/2)*(-c*(c*x^2+b*x+a)/(-4*a*c+b^2))^(1/2) /c/(c*x^2+b*x+a)^(1/2)/(c*(g*x+f)/(2*c*f-g*(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))))^(1/2)
Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 21.60 (sec) , antiderivative size = 365, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.94 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {f+g x}}{\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx=\frac {i \left (2 c f+\left (-b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) g\right ) \sqrt {\frac {g \left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x\right )}{-2 c f+\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) g}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c (f+g x)}{2 c f+\left (-b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) g}} \left (E\left (i \text {arcsinh}\left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {c}{-2 c f+\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) g}} \sqrt {f+g x}\right )|\frac {2 c f-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) g}{2 c f+\left (-b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) g}\right )-\operatorname {EllipticF}\left (i \text {arcsinh}\left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {c}{-2 c f+\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) g}} \sqrt {f+g x}\right ),\frac {2 c f-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) g}{2 c f+\left (-b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) g}\right )\right )}{\sqrt {2} c g \sqrt {\frac {c}{-2 c f+\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) g}} \sqrt {a+x (b+c x)}} \]
(I*(2*c*f + (-b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*g)*Sqrt[(g*(b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c] + 2 *c*x))/(-2*c*f + (b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*g)]*Sqrt[1 - (2*c*(f + g*x))/(2*c *f + (-b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*g)]*(EllipticE[I*ArcSinh[Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c/(-2* c*f + (b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*g)]*Sqrt[f + g*x]], (2*c*f - (b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*g)/(2*c*f + (-b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*g)] - EllipticF[I*ArcSinh[Sq rt[2]*Sqrt[c/(-2*c*f + (b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*g)]*Sqrt[f + g*x]], (2*c*f - (b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*g)/(2*c*f + (-b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*g)]))/(Sqrt [2]*c*g*Sqrt[c/(-2*c*f + (b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*g)]*Sqrt[a + x*(b + c*x)] )
Time = 0.26 (sec) , antiderivative size = 188, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 3, number of rules used = 2, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.083, Rules used = {1172, 327}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
| \(\displaystyle \int \frac {\sqrt {f+g x}}{\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 1172 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \sqrt {f+g x} \sqrt {-\frac {c \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{b^2-4 a c}} \int \frac {\sqrt {\frac {g \left (b+2 c x+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )}{2 c f-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) g}+1}}{\sqrt {1-\frac {b+2 c x+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}{2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}d\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+2 c x+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {2}}}{c \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2} \sqrt {\frac {c (f+g x)}{2 c f-g \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )}}}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 327 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \sqrt {f+g x} \sqrt {-\frac {c \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{b^2-4 a c}} E\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+2 c x+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {2}}\right )|-\frac {2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} g}{2 c f-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) g}\right )}{c \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2} \sqrt {\frac {c (f+g x)}{2 c f-g \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )}}}\) |
(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*Sqrt[f + g*x]*Sqrt[-((c*(a + b*x + c*x^2))/(b^2 - 4*a*c))]*EllipticE[ArcSin[Sqrt[(b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c] + 2*c*x)/Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]/Sqrt[2]], (-2*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*g)/(2*c*f - (b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a *c])*g)])/(c*Sqrt[(c*(f + g*x))/(2*c*f - (b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*g)]*Sqrt[ a + b*x + c*x^2])
3.10.3.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2]/Sqrt[(c_) + (d_.)*(x_)^2], x_Symbol] :> Simp[ (Sqrt[a]/(Sqrt[c]*Rt[-d/c, 2]))*EllipticE[ArcSin[Rt[-d/c, 2]*x], b*(c/(a*d) )], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] && NegQ[d/c] && GtQ[c, 0] && GtQ[a, 0]
Int[((d_.) + (e_.)*(x_))^(m_)/Sqrt[(a_.) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2], x_Sy mbol] :> Simp[2*Rt[b^2 - 4*a*c, 2]*(d + e*x)^m*(Sqrt[(-c)*((a + b*x + c*x^2 )/(b^2 - 4*a*c))]/(c*Sqrt[a + b*x + c*x^2]*(2*c*((d + e*x)/(2*c*d - b*e - e *Rt[b^2 - 4*a*c, 2])))^m)) Subst[Int[(1 + 2*e*Rt[b^2 - 4*a*c, 2]*(x^2/(2* c*d - b*e - e*Rt[b^2 - 4*a*c, 2])))^m/Sqrt[1 - x^2], x], x, Sqrt[(b + Rt[b^ 2 - 4*a*c, 2] + 2*c*x)/(2*Rt[b^2 - 4*a*c, 2])]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e }, x] && EqQ[m^2, 1/4]
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(745\) vs. \(2(164)=328\).
Time = 0.64 (sec) , antiderivative size = 746, normalized size of antiderivative = 3.97
| method | result | size |
| elliptic | \(\frac {\sqrt {\left (g x +f \right ) \left (c \,x^{2}+b x +a \right )}\, \left (\frac {2 f \left (\frac {f}{g}-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {f}{g}}{\frac {f}{g}-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x -\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {f}{g}-\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {f}{g}+\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\, F\left (\sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {f}{g}}{\frac {f}{g}-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}, \sqrt {\frac {-\frac {f}{g}+\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {f}{g}-\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\right )}{\sqrt {c g \,x^{3}+b g \,x^{2}+c f \,x^{2}+a g x +b f x +f a}}+\frac {2 g \left (\frac {f}{g}-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {f}{g}}{\frac {f}{g}-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x -\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {f}{g}-\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {f}{g}+\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\, \left (\left (-\frac {f}{g}-\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}\right ) E\left (\sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {f}{g}}{\frac {f}{g}-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}, \sqrt {\frac {-\frac {f}{g}+\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {f}{g}-\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\right )+\frac {\left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) F\left (\sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {f}{g}}{\frac {f}{g}-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}, \sqrt {\frac {-\frac {f}{g}+\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {f}{g}-\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\right )}{2 c}\right )}{\sqrt {c g \,x^{3}+b g \,x^{2}+c f \,x^{2}+a g x +b f x +f a}}\right )}{\sqrt {g x +f}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}}\) | \(746\) |
| default | \(\frac {\sqrt {g x +f}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}\, \left (g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}+b g -2 c f \right ) \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {-\frac {\left (g x +f \right ) c}{g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}+b g -2 c f}}\, \sqrt {\frac {\left (-b -2 c x +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) g}{2 c f -b g +g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {\left (b +2 c x +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) g}{g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}+b g -2 c f}}\, \left (F\left (\sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {-\frac {\left (g x +f \right ) c}{g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}+b g -2 c f}}, \sqrt {-\frac {g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}+b g -2 c f}{2 c f -b g +g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}}\right ) g b -2 F\left (\sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {-\frac {\left (g x +f \right ) c}{g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}+b g -2 c f}}, \sqrt {-\frac {g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}+b g -2 c f}{2 c f -b g +g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}}\right ) c f -F\left (\sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {-\frac {\left (g x +f \right ) c}{g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}+b g -2 c f}}, \sqrt {-\frac {g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}+b g -2 c f}{2 c f -b g +g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}}\right ) g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}-E\left (\sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {-\frac {\left (g x +f \right ) c}{g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}+b g -2 c f}}, \sqrt {-\frac {g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}+b g -2 c f}{2 c f -b g +g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}}\right ) b g +2 E\left (\sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {-\frac {\left (g x +f \right ) c}{g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}+b g -2 c f}}, \sqrt {-\frac {g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}+b g -2 c f}{2 c f -b g +g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}}\right ) c f +E\left (\sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {-\frac {\left (g x +f \right ) c}{g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}+b g -2 c f}}, \sqrt {-\frac {g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}+b g -2 c f}{2 c f -b g +g \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}}\right ) \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, g \right )}{2 g \left (c g \,x^{3}+b g \,x^{2}+c f \,x^{2}+a g x +b f x +f a \right ) c^{2}}\) | \(747\) |
((g*x+f)*(c*x^2+b*x+a))^(1/2)/(g*x+f)^(1/2)/(c*x^2+b*x+a)^(1/2)*(2*f*(f/g- 1/2*(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/c)*((x+f/g)/(f/g-1/2*(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/c)) ^(1/2)*((x-1/2/c*(-b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)))/(-f/g-1/2/c*(-b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/ 2))))^(1/2)*((x+1/2*(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/c)/(-f/g+1/2*(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1 /2))/c))^(1/2)/(c*g*x^3+b*g*x^2+c*f*x^2+a*g*x+b*f*x+a*f)^(1/2)*EllipticF(( (x+f/g)/(f/g-1/2*(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/c))^(1/2),((-f/g+1/2*(b+(-4*a*c+b^ 2)^(1/2))/c)/(-f/g-1/2/c*(-b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))))^(1/2))+2*g*(f/g-1/2*(b+ (-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/c)*((x+f/g)/(f/g-1/2*(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/c))^(1/2)* ((x-1/2/c*(-b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)))/(-f/g-1/2/c*(-b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))))^( 1/2)*((x+1/2*(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/c)/(-f/g+1/2*(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/c) )^(1/2)/(c*g*x^3+b*g*x^2+c*f*x^2+a*g*x+b*f*x+a*f)^(1/2)*((-f/g-1/2/c*(-b+( -4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)))*EllipticE(((x+f/g)/(f/g-1/2*(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/c)) ^(1/2),((-f/g+1/2*(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/c)/(-f/g-1/2/c*(-b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^( 1/2))))^(1/2))+1/2/c*(-b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*EllipticF(((x+f/g)/(f/g-1/2*( b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/c))^(1/2),((-f/g+1/2*(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/c)/(-f/g -1/2/c*(-b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))))^(1/2))))
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 4.
Time = 0.16 (sec) , antiderivative size = 359, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.91 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {f+g x}}{\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx=-\frac {2 \, {\left (3 \, \sqrt {c g} c g {\rm weierstrassZeta}\left (\frac {4 \, {\left (c^{2} f^{2} - b c f g + {\left (b^{2} - 3 \, a c\right )} g^{2}\right )}}{3 \, c^{2} g^{2}}, -\frac {4 \, {\left (2 \, c^{3} f^{3} - 3 \, b c^{2} f^{2} g - 3 \, {\left (b^{2} c - 6 \, a c^{2}\right )} f g^{2} + {\left (2 \, b^{3} - 9 \, a b c\right )} g^{3}\right )}}{27 \, c^{3} g^{3}}, {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (\frac {4 \, {\left (c^{2} f^{2} - b c f g + {\left (b^{2} - 3 \, a c\right )} g^{2}\right )}}{3 \, c^{2} g^{2}}, -\frac {4 \, {\left (2 \, c^{3} f^{3} - 3 \, b c^{2} f^{2} g - 3 \, {\left (b^{2} c - 6 \, a c^{2}\right )} f g^{2} + {\left (2 \, b^{3} - 9 \, a b c\right )} g^{3}\right )}}{27 \, c^{3} g^{3}}, \frac {3 \, c g x + c f + b g}{3 \, c g}\right )\right ) - {\left (2 \, c f - b g\right )} \sqrt {c g} {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (\frac {4 \, {\left (c^{2} f^{2} - b c f g + {\left (b^{2} - 3 \, a c\right )} g^{2}\right )}}{3 \, c^{2} g^{2}}, -\frac {4 \, {\left (2 \, c^{3} f^{3} - 3 \, b c^{2} f^{2} g - 3 \, {\left (b^{2} c - 6 \, a c^{2}\right )} f g^{2} + {\left (2 \, b^{3} - 9 \, a b c\right )} g^{3}\right )}}{27 \, c^{3} g^{3}}, \frac {3 \, c g x + c f + b g}{3 \, c g}\right )\right )}}{3 \, c^{2} g} \]
-2/3*(3*sqrt(c*g)*c*g*weierstrassZeta(4/3*(c^2*f^2 - b*c*f*g + (b^2 - 3*a* c)*g^2)/(c^2*g^2), -4/27*(2*c^3*f^3 - 3*b*c^2*f^2*g - 3*(b^2*c - 6*a*c^2)* f*g^2 + (2*b^3 - 9*a*b*c)*g^3)/(c^3*g^3), weierstrassPInverse(4/3*(c^2*f^2 - b*c*f*g + (b^2 - 3*a*c)*g^2)/(c^2*g^2), -4/27*(2*c^3*f^3 - 3*b*c^2*f^2* g - 3*(b^2*c - 6*a*c^2)*f*g^2 + (2*b^3 - 9*a*b*c)*g^3)/(c^3*g^3), 1/3*(3*c *g*x + c*f + b*g)/(c*g))) - (2*c*f - b*g)*sqrt(c*g)*weierstrassPInverse(4/ 3*(c^2*f^2 - b*c*f*g + (b^2 - 3*a*c)*g^2)/(c^2*g^2), -4/27*(2*c^3*f^3 - 3* b*c^2*f^2*g - 3*(b^2*c - 6*a*c^2)*f*g^2 + (2*b^3 - 9*a*b*c)*g^3)/(c^3*g^3) , 1/3*(3*c*g*x + c*f + b*g)/(c*g)))/(c^2*g)
\[ \int \frac {\sqrt {f+g x}}{\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx=\int \frac {\sqrt {f + g x}}{\sqrt {a + b x + c x^{2}}}\, dx \]
\[ \int \frac {\sqrt {f+g x}}{\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx=\int { \frac {\sqrt {g x + f}}{\sqrt {c x^{2} + b x + a}} \,d x } \]
\[ \int \frac {\sqrt {f+g x}}{\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx=\int { \frac {\sqrt {g x + f}}{\sqrt {c x^{2} + b x + a}} \,d x } \]
Timed out. \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {f+g x}}{\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx=\int \frac {\sqrt {f+g\,x}}{\sqrt {c\,x^2+b\,x+a}} \,d x \]